The Influence of Protestantism in Post World War I Germany free essay sample

An in-depth look at the Protestant influence in post World War I Germany, and its involvement in the demise of the Wiemar Republic and the resulting rise to power of Adolph Hitler. In this paper the author examines the role of Protestantism, in particular the Lutherans, in post WWI Germany and how they helped lead to the downfall of the Wiemar Republic and the raise of Hitler?s Germany. The author pays particular attention to the groundwork laid by Martin Luther, the influence of the theological leaders of the 1920?s, the role of other major Protestant religions of Germany, and the factors affecting the Protestant German citizens of the time. From the paper: ?The groundwork for the Protestant role in these historical events began with the writings of Martin Luther. German Protestants of the 1920?s, even those who were not Lutheran, felt a special bond with him. This tendency was reinforced by theological beliefs of the average Lutheran of the day and the feeling that German people had an especially strong bond with their homeland, a bond stronger than many other people of the world. We will write a custom essay sample on The Influence of Protestantism in Post World War I Germany or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ?

Chemistry of BHA and BHT Food Preservatives

Chemistry of BHA and BHT Food Preservatives Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and the related compound butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are phenolic compounds that are often added to foods to preserve fats  and oils and keep them from becoming rancid. They are added to food, cosmetics, and packing of products that contain fats to maintain nutrient levels, color, flavor, and odor. BHT is also sold as a dietary supplement for use as an antioxidant. The chemicals are found in an extensive list of products, yet there is concern about their safety. Take a look at the chemical properties of these molecules, how they work, and why their use is controversial. BHA Characteristics BHA is a mixture of the isomers 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and 2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole. Also known as BOA, tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methoxyphenol, tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, antioxyne B, and under various trade namesMolecular formula C11H16O2White or yellowish waxy solidFaint characteristic aromatic odor BHT Characteristics Also known as 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene; methyl-di-tert-butyl phenol; 2,6-di-tert-butyl-para-cresolMolecular formula C15H24OWhite powder How Do They Preserve Food? BHA and BHT are antioxidants. Oxygen reacts preferentially with BHA or BHT rather than oxidizing fats or oils, thereby protecting them from spoilage. In addition to being oxidizable, BHA and BHT are fat-soluble. Both molecules are incompatible with ferric salts. In addition to preserving foods, BHA and BHT are also used to preserve fats and oils in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. What Foods Contain BHA and BHT? BHA is generally used to keep fats from becoming rancid. It is also used as a yeast de-foaming agent. BHA is found in butter, meats, cereals, chewing gum, baked goods, snack foods, dehydrated potatoes, and beer. It is also found in animal feed, food packaging, cosmetics, rubber products, and petroleum products. BHT also prevents oxidative rancidity of fats. It is used to preserve food odor, color, and flavor. Many packaging materials incorporate BHT. It is also added directly to shortening, cereals, and other foods containing fats and oils. Are BHA and BHT Safe? Both BHA and BHT have undergone the additive application and review process required by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, the same chemical properties which make BHA and BHT excellent preservatives may also be implicated in health effects. The research leads to conflicting conclusions. The oxidative characteristics and/or metabolites of BHA and BHT may contribute to carcinogenicity or tumorigenicity; however, the same reactions may combat oxidative stress and help detoxify carcinogens. Some studies indicate low doses of BHA are toxic to cells, while higher doses may be protective, while other studies yield exactly the opposite results. There is evidence that certain persons may have difficulty metabolizing BHA and BHT, resulting in health and behavior changes. Yet, BHA and BHT may have antiviral and antimicrobial activities. Research is underway concerning the use of BHT in the treatment of herpes simplex and AIDS. References and Additional Reading This is a fairly long list of online references. While the chemistry and effectiveness of BHA, BHT, and other additives within food is straightforward, the controversy surrounding health effects is hot, so several points of view are available. Adverse Effects of Some Inactive Ingredients - Summary of health effects reported for dyes and preservatives, including food colors, BHA, BHT, sodium benzoate, nitrates, nitrites, and monosodium glutamate.Chemical Cuisine: CSPIs Guide to Food Additives - This site includes a glossary, explanation of cancer testing, alphabetical listing of additives, and a list of additives that have been banned.Common Food Additives - CNN In-Depth provides this chart listing additives and their chemistry, uses, common products containing the additives, and reported side effects.Fresh Look at Food Preservatives - Judith E. Foulke provides an overview of the preservative use and regulation, she specifically discusses BHA, BHT, and sulfites.Chemical Sensitivity Homepage - This site discusses the inability of damaged nervous tissue to metabolize specific toxins.The Feingold Association of the United States - The Feingold Association provides extensive information about the effects of petroleum-derived ad ditives and salicylates (both natural and synthetic) on the behavior/health of susceptible persons.

SODA TAX Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SODA TAX - Essay Example Sin taxes are usually placed on cigarettes or alcohol. The government, therefore, should levy lefty taxes on soda because it will help in enhancing public revenues as well as dissuade people from drinking soda, which is a health hazard. Levying a higher tax on beverages like soda will fetch many advantages to the American society and most of the citizens will welcome such a measure. Kelly D. Brownell, based on â€Å"poll results contend that support of a tax on sugared beverages ranges from 37 to 72%† and the pole results from New York residents found that 52% supported a â€Å"soda tax,† but the number rose to 72% when respondents were told that the revenue would be used for obesity prevention† (Brownell). This shows that most of the American people recognize the positive effects tax on soda can bring to the American society in general. Since a major portion of American people in America consume large amounts of soda every day, the tax would help to bring in considerable sums of revenue for the government to pay off its debt. Soda is a popular drink that many people drink every day and many people are even addicted to the caffeine in it. According to Dr. Brownell further argue that â€Å"given the heavy consumption of sugared beverages, even small taxes will generate substantial revenue, but only heftier taxes will significantly reduce consumption† (Brownell). The government embarks on the introduction of such a policy, it will be able to generate some substantial revenue and this will help in making good the deficit and utilize the additional income foe development all activities.. Eliminating the fiscal deficit will not only be advantageous to the government but also to the public as a whole because the revenues that accrue as a result of additional taxes be utilized for public health campaigns to counter the measure of obesity. However, despite the benefits that

Religious Education Resource Package Speech or Presentation

Religious Education Resource Package - Speech or Presentation Example It is essential for a teacher to be aware of what to teach during RE classes and why to teach it. In most Catholic schools, RE is accounted for in timetables and programs for teaching for over two hours every week. For the time spent in RE classes, the students will learn about the life of Jesus Christ and about Catholic traditions. Learning about the seven sacraments and practicing them will aid the students in exploration of the traditions of the Catholic Church and the way it works in their lives. Christian life should be about the seven sacraments (Holy Spirit Interactive, 2009). For this reason, the seven sacraments have a vital place in all Christians’ lives, which necessitates teaching them to young Christians. In the Christian journey of faith, the seven sacraments act as the signs of the presence of God (Bausch, 2003). Therefore, the community, parents, and teachers of Catholic communities must play their role and be responsible for the provision of opportunities to l earn and engage in these sacraments to Catholic K-2 level students. Sacrament of Conversion allows Catholic Christians to renew their baptism and follow Jesus Christ’s example. ... Sacraments are Jesus Christ’s extensions because they are symbolic of Jesus’ actions and extensions of the actions of God. These actions are an oath via which Catholic Christians seek witnessing and verification from God. Catholics ask for verification and witnessing that all they do is good and true, which is what the Sacraments call Christians to do (Crowe, 2005). Every Sacrament is a dispensation of life in the comprehension that we are born, or renew our Christian beliefs and life through the Sacrament (Fosarelli, 2012). The Sacrament of Conversion’s importance comes through the effect that it has on individuals. According to the Catholic Church’s Catechism, the Sacrament of Penance has several effects including (Williams, 2008); Reconciliation with the Catholic Church Reconciliation with God Increasing of spiritual strength required in the battle of Christianity Spiritual consolation and serenity and peace of conscience Reconciliation with God’ s Church Partial remission of temporal punishment that comes from sin Remission of God’s eternal punishment because of mortal sin Resources for Background Knowledge Books White, J. D., & White, A. A. (2004): Teach it: Penance and reconciliation. This book is especially meant to be used in RE programs for teachers. It follows the teachings of the Catholic Church and is based on the Bible and the Catholic Church Catechism. In addition, the authors dwell in their introduction on the role that teachers and parents have to play in preparing the children for their first and subsequent Sacrament of Penance, while also including practical ways that seek to involve teachers and parents more in the RE program. Majority of the activities in this book are easy to

Business Law Phase 2 DB Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Law Phase 2 DB - Essay Example (b) Buyer has sole control of the defense and all related settlement negotiations; and (c) Buyer provides Seller with the assistance, information and authority necessary to perform Buyer’s obligations under this section. Buyer shall have no liability of any claim of infringement based on use of Equipment altered by the Buyer. 1. Identification of Parties involved: The beginning of the contract should always be with names of the parties signing the contract. In case of involvement of companies or organizations, the name of the company should be followed by the representatives. Contact information will be an additional advantage, if included. 3. Limitations of the Contract: The details of the expiry date, if any, should be mentioned i.e. how and when will the particular contract end? In case of renewals, quote the date and time for contract renewal. 4. Monetary Obligations: Clearly mention all the monetary obligations, costs involved etc of the contract. Also mention the details of taxes involved, their calculations and the person responsible for covering

The Factors Influencing The Built Environment

The Factors Influencing The Built Environment Introduction The proposal assumes the role of a developer presenting to the client. This will help the client to understand the factors influencing the Built Environment (Moxon Street) site. The site would be developed for a Student Accommodation. Though details of the site are not given in the report but an overview of all the factors that would affect the site development, the techniques used, the precautions ought to be taken, etc. It is a general description of how a site will be developed keeping in mind the health, safety welfare and the environmental implications from the development of the site. Section 3 In a built environment it is necessary for the Designer to reduce the health risks that occur from the construction work and also to provide for the safety and welfare to the workers. So Health, Safety and Welfare play an important in the design process. It can be further divided into stages. The Design process which is a benchmark to identify the health risks that arises from the design as well as eliminate the hazardous to a reasonable extent. An onsite register can also be maintained in this regard to show that we have to consider the onsite risks. It would be mandatory for the chemicals contained in the product to be registered under REACH. For Health Hazard the services of a CDM coordinator will be hired and certain components would be assembled off site which would reduce the health hazard on site. The project risk review gateways will be linked to RIBA at the plan of works stages. There is a need for systematic risk assessment and solution will be assessed on the basis of risk control hierarchy. There would be a Red-Amber-Green list which can help the designer to identify and also to negate the hazards and to control risks as far as possible. The Development will have a negative impact on the environment. The Council stipulates that necessary Environment Impact Assessment and Environmental Performance Statement should be part of the development plans. The design should have provisions for natural sunlight, ventilation of air, energy consumption, etc. This should be able to reduce air and noise pollution. This will help the developer to create goodwill for himself as well. There will be ultra low flush toilet which would reduce the use of water. There are certain Risks Assessments which are to be carried out for the health and safety of the employees on site. They would be in respect of- As per the Control of Substance hazardous to health regulation precaution would be taken by a systematic approach. The services of an Agency would be hired for workplace monitoring for harmful dust, vapours, fumes and gases. This would be done as per the Workplace Exposure Limits given by E40. European Union Noise at work regulation would also be considered as per the guidelines- The 1st and 2nd Action Levels are 80dB(A) and 85dB(A) respectively. 1st and 2nd Peak Action Levels of 135dB(C) and 137dB(C) Peak respectively. A Maximum Exposure Level Limit of 87dB(A) and 140dB(C) Peak at the ear will be introduced which includes any hearing protection. There would be due consideration given to Fire Risk assessment of Catering Extract Systems with regards to the guidelines- BSRIA Fire Risk Assessment Catering Extract Ventilation Regulatory Reform Fire Safety Order (RRFSO) 2005 HVCA DW172 Specification for Kitchen Ventilation Systems. Indoor Air Quality Sick Building Syndrome would be identified as this will affect the health of the occupants of the building. This complains could arise from a particular room or floor but could have a lasting impact on all the occupants. Odour Threshold analysis would also be conducted. This is relating to the strange smell i.e., presence of volatile organic compounds in the building that could affect the health to the occupants. The majority of these volatile organic compounds are present in very low concentrations i.e. 0.1-1ppb (parts per billion). Legionella risk Assessments and Asbestos Identification Surveys would be conducted as well. This would be in accordance with the Approved Code of Practice and Guidance L8, Legionnaires disease Approach There would be a Multi discipline approach taken in the risk management in the design process. This will be fruitful because of the vast experience of the Architect, Consultant, Engineer; etc would be integrated right from the design process. Design Implication This all will help us to have a safe and a sound design which would eliminate the hazards to the health and safety of the workers as well as of the occupants. This will also help us to reduce the environmental impact of the built environment. Primary Services Utilities It is necessary to accommodate these services in the early stages of the design process. There should be early checking of availability of these services Early decision on intended location of such services on the site This will ensure that there is a proper plan in place and will also help us to avoid complications in the future. Provisions should be made for- Telecommunications Gas Water Electricity Sewage services If there are issues with the availability of any of these services than a decision can be taken at the early stages of the design process. The Location of these services would be depended as per the acceptable framework provided by RIBA Plan of Work 2007. This will assist the design team to plan, coordinate and also to have a definite approach to the various services. Entry to the building would be given from all the four sides with the main entrance from the front of the building. There can also be distribution and scaling down of different services done by the Designers to meet the needs of our development. The provisions for accessibility and the maintenance of these services would be done at the early stages of the design process. We would hire competent staff which would look after the maintenance of these services with an access given to them on each floor for easy maintenance and repair. The environmental implications of these services would be- Create a sustainable environment for the communities Protect public health by giving safe drinking water, effective sanitation services, etc Safely recycling waste Comply fully with all the environmental legislation These above precautions and approaches will help us to achieve effective management of services with regular maintenance and also providing with a safe environment for the community. The Water extraction will be done by the he liquid ring vacuum pump contains a twin start helical rotor mounted eccentrically in a cylindrical pump casing and is designed to pump liquids or combinations of liquid, air and fine solids through long suction lines, generating suction lifts to up to 8.5m. For the waste Disposal there will be a Site Waste Management Plan (SWMP) in line with the DTI Code of Practice and associated good practice guidance. On completion the new building should be subject to Post Occupancy evaluation. Global Warning The building designs will be based on the UKCIP medium high emission scenario rather than that which is based on historical data. UKCIP predicted that the average temperature in UK will rise by 3.5 degree by 2080, therefore a mixed mode ventilation stems incorporating the passive and mechanical ventilation coupled with high thermal mass and complete solar shading are likely to cope with the effects of the climate change. Mayor of London commissioned a report stating that London is the most susceptible to flooding than any other urban area in the UK. The site is not in the Zone 3 established by the Westminster Council that specifies areas the areas affected during floods. In order to minimise the energy demand of the building we must increase the efficiency in the building envelope, using high efficiency windows, insulation in walls, ceilings and floors will be used. Passive solar building design could also be used. This will minimise energy demand. In order to control emission to water point of water treatment would be used. This improves the quality of water and also reduces the amount of water in circulation. Non-sewage would be used on site which would minimize demand on the local authority. There would be a good thermal insulation system in place this would minimise the emission to air. The ex filtration of warm air would result for 30% of the heat loss through a buildings envelope. A air leakage test would be carried out as well. Renewable Energy Issues Technical- The site will have a- Solar energy technology Heat pumps Energy from waste Co-generation This will help to reduce the impact on the environment. Economic- Initially the cost of the machines would be higher than the conventional equipments but over a period of time there would be a lot of savings due to a decrease in the bills. Social- This will have a positive impact on the occupants and the community. The carbon and the fuel emission would be quiet low. This would sub dued the hazards caused to the health and safety of the people. Range of Sustainable construction technique includes- Wind Solar Wave Biogas Landfill gas Hydro Waste to Energy 84 KW wind generator Double exterior walls with foam insulation Radiant slab heat for excess energy storage Section 4 The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 describes the risks associated with the construction industry and narrates the specific provision which ought to be taken to negate the danger. The CDM regulation 2007 encourages co ordination and co-operation among the various parties of the project. It works towards making health and safety an integral part of designing and construction. It recognises the hazards in the planning and construction stage of the project and helps to take corrective steps. The construction health, safety and welfare regulation 1996 are a set of rules to protect the health and safety of the people engaged on the site and the people who may be affected by the work. It is a leaflet which describes the regulation and precautions to be taken by the people on the site. The main focus of the Management of the Health and safety at works regulation 1999 is to reduce the damage on the site and to create a action plan for the emergencies. There is a need to comply with the specific regulation of the industry. Works at Heights Regulations 2005 is concerned with the injury that could occur to a employee as a result of a fall. It covers both the internal and the external areas of the building. There is present no height limit. It places duties on the persons who control the work on the site to take necessary care and precaution. Method Statement Site Foundation The site has a mixed structure type up to 30 metres. So mechanical handling is essential. There should be no public access until the construction work is complete. Adequate security is to be provided to see there is no theft or damage to the site. The site will be developed in two phases. Loading/Unloading of materials As the project is conducted in two phases here is sufficient space at the corner of the site for the loading and unloading of materials. This would also give rise to some risks but it would be handled by the experienced staff that operates the machines. Machines Non-maintenance of machine will pose a great threat to the workers engaged in site development. So a good maintenance schedule is needed to reduce the need of replacement. All machines should have the current safety inspection certificate and the person operating it should also be certified. Electrical Equipment There is a need to keep a check on the conditions of the equipments. Weather Condition When there are unsafe a situation arising from the weather conditions the authority is given to the site foreman to take the precaution which is deemed necessary. Individual Safety Clothing Individual safety clothing will be provided on site and it is necessary to wear them at all times. Safety Systems of Work It is divided into three parts It analyses the task at hand Hazards caused to health, safety and welfare Precautions to be taken to eliminate the hazards It is an extension of the Risk assessments and the method statement All this should take place from the planning stage, the design and also on the construction stage. (Example included in the appendix) Site Induction and Training It is the legal responsibility of the employer to provide induction and training relating to the hazards and risk associated to the health and safety of the employees and the contractors. It includes- The scope of work Amenities on the site such as toilet, water, etc Safety rules in place Safety procedures for high risk construction activity PPE required to be worn First aid arrangements on the site Good Site management It is necessary to hire Project Manager for a good site management. They coordinate all design and construction process. They assist the site from the development stage to the actual completion of the site. As the size of the project is reasonable there is a need to hire a Project Manager. Health and Safety Signage site safety signconstruction multi sign 1 Personal Protective Equipment Safety footwear Hard hats High visibility waist coats Goggles Life jackets Safety harness Insulated clothing for adverse climatic condition Mitts Gaiters Checklists is required for the safety of the employees on site It is necessary for-; Scaffolding Powered Access equipments Roof Work Hoists Cranes Fire Hazardous substance Noise, etc. Roles and Responsibility of the various parties under CDM 2007 Clients Competence of the contractors Suitable arrangements for the welfare facilities Provide pre construction information to the designers and contractors Planning Supervisor Assist the client Notify HSE Co ordinate health and safety in regards to design Ensure good communication on the site Prepare and update health and safety file Designers Reduce risk during design To check whether the CDM co coordinator is been appointed Make client aware of his duty Contractor Prepare and develop a written plan Site rules Ensure suitable welfare facilities are provided Ensure proper induction and training is provided to the workers Sub-contractor Manage and monitor own work and also of his workers Train own employees Provide them information Comply with the requirements of the part 4 of the regulations Users Report risks Check competence Co-operate with each other Health and safety Officer Check that health and safety arrangements are made Report any risks Impose fine if there are inadequate arrangements Supply Chain The materials are available in the free market however there are some materials which would be procured locally and some internationally through Wholesale Agency for Environmental friendly materials. International Procurement Reflective coatings and non structures Phase change material High efficiency insulation system Solar heaters Local Procurement Bricks Cement Concrete Pre cast structures Steel Electrical Fittings Elevators Furniture Wood for Flooring, etc. The access of the truck and the delivery of the material would be from the front entrance of the site with a possible provision at the back end of the site for the exit. A temporary warehouse would be constructed at the corner of the site depending on the construction phase. The handling of the material would be done by the employees who are trained beforehand. The eight rules of handling are included in the appendix Sustainability of resources Recycling facilities would be provided for paper and glass and with textile and plastics. Waste minimisation techniques will also be used to reduce waste and it will bifurcate into clean rubble, timber, general chemical waste, etc. Recycled and Eco friendly materials list is provided in the appendix Embodied energy issues We will try to include more renewable materials in the project which has lower embodied energy than non renewable materials. http://www.canadianarchitect.com/asf/perspectives_sustainibility/measures_of_sustainablity/images/images_optimized/eecontent.jpg Concrete produces 1 tonne of carbon dioxide for every tonne manufactured. Waste treatment and management techniques are important for bio degradability of materials at the end of their useful life. The techniques used are- Combustion or gasification Anaerobic digestion Mechanical treatment Biological treatment Modern Method of Construction It includes ready- made walls, floor and roof which are transported and then assembled on the site. They make construction faster. It also includes modular Kitchen, Bathroom, Furniture, etc which are factory fitted and help in reduction of project duration and also on site environmental hazards. The MMC houses are also energy efficient. Because only assembling is done on the site there are fewer accidents and produces less noise and dust. It also has a less impact on the local residents. References (The mentioned sites were accessed on 21st and 22nd of December 2009) Building a Better Quality of Life: a strategy for sustainable construction. DETR (2000) Sustainable Development Action Plan for Education and Skills. Department for Education and Skills (2003). Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). US Green Building Council (2001). Environmental Performance Indicators for Sustainable Construction The Movement for Innovation (M4I) Sustainable Construction. Higher Education Partnership for Sustainability (HEPS). (2002) Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) Building Research Establishment (2002). http://www.cskills.org/supportbusiness/healthsafety/cdmregs/index.aspx http://www.btinternet.com/~kendalhang/hands/INDG220_HS_Construction.pdf http://www.netlawman.co.uk/info/health-safety-work-management.php http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/safety/0505.shtml http://www.hsa.ie/eng/Sectors/Construction/Safe_System_of_Work_Plan_SSWP/ http://www.hydrostatic-testing-consultants.co.uk/Health%20and%20Safety%20Management%20System/ssp5wacg.htm http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos005.htm http://www.healthyworkinglives.com/advice/minimising-workplace-risks/ppe.aspx#what http://www.healthandsafety.co.uk/sitesafchecklist.html http://www.processingtalk.com/news/tol/tol102.html http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/cdm/summary.htm http://earth2tech.com/2009/11/02/venture-firm-nth-power-names-5-next-gen-green-building-materials-to-watch/ http://www.parliament.uk/documents/upload/postpn209.pdf http://www.slrconsulting.com/slr_waste_management.pdf http://www.healthyworkinglives.com/advice/minimising-workplace-risks/occupational-health-surveillance.aspx http://www.futuregate.co.uk/Written_Health_Safety_Policies.html http://www.chas.gov.uk/downloads/appendix2.doc http://www.hcibib.org/bibtoc.cgi?file=bibdata/CHI99-2.bibabstracts=true http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/offices/environment/guidance/building.html http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=633292.633466 http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=632919 http://www.hcibib.org/bibtoc.cgi?file=bibdata/CHI00-2.bibabstracts=true http://www.noiseatwork.info/occupational_hygiene.html http://www.healthandsafetytips.co.uk/News%20Archive/April%202004%20News%20Archive/April%202004%20Consultation%20on%20New%20Noise%20at%20Work%20Regulations.htm http://www.eckeleurope.co.uk/ http://www.noiseatwork.info/monitoring_the_built_environment.html http://www.lda.gov.uk/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.2445viewPage=6 http://www.lda.gov.uk/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.2445setPaginate=No http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070705090343AAtqBfl http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/offices/environment/guidance/building.html http://www.noiseatwork.info/monitoring_the_built_environment.html http://www.processingtalk.com/news/tol/tol102.html http://community.benchmarkemail.com/users/simonreed/newsletter/Civic-09-14-Editors-Newsletter-30th-July http://www.fife.gov.uk/atoz/index.cfm?fuseaction=advice.displayadviceid=2E4DDB61-FA29-ACC7-48F889880B70CA8D http://www.healthyworkinglives.com/resources/index.aspx http://www.healthyworkinglives.com/advice/minimising-workplace-risks/occupational-health-surveillance.aspx http://www.healthyworkinglives.com/advice/minimising-workplace-risks/occupational-health-surveillance.aspx http://www.healthscotland.com/advancedsearch/index.aspx http://chas.gov.uk/Downloads/Appendix2.dox http://www.worldpumps.com/view/3626/seaquarium-choose-liquivac-liquid-ring-pump/ http://www.filtsep.com/view/3626/seaquarium-choose-liquivac-liquid-ring-pump/ http://news.hse.gov.uk/lau/2009/09/17/health-risks-at-work-do-you-know-yours/ http://www.healthyworkinglives.com/advice/minimising-workplace-risks/HRatW.aspx http://www.masterytech.com/productpage.php?product_id=spmtlmpg http://www.mastery.com/productpage.php?product_id=spmtlmpg_htm http://www.training-classes.com/programs/00/19/1917_material_handling_safe_material_handling.php http://www.futuregate.co.uk/Written_Health_Safety_Policies.html

Essay --

Podcast Paper: Troubled Asset Relief Program Name: Institution: The Global Financial Crisis and Troubled Asset Relief Program In 2008 the global economy experienced its worst economic turmoil in 2008 since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The effects of the crisis started to show in mid 2007 and by September 2008, the situation was out of hand. The world stock market had plummeted, huge financial institutions had collapsed and the government in the developed economies had put in place measures to rescue their economies from disintegrating. The first clear indicator of the crisis was in 2007 when the high prices of homes in the United States nose-dived and there were massive defaults on mortgages. The US financial sector soon started trembling and before long the world’s financial markets were in tatters. The US financial sector was the main casualty and the effects were felt by many businesses and people that rely on credit. The auto industry was on its knees with a number of players in the industry filing for bankruptcy; indeed, they only stayed afloat through government bailouts. Indeed, every se ctor of the global economy felt the stinging impact of the crisis with the US bearing the blunt effects. Even though massive fiscal and monetary policies prevented the US economy from collapsing, recovery has been very slow. The government policies were not applauded by many Americans who believed that the government was bailing out the same institutions responsible for the crisis. Among the government programs initiated during the recession was the Troubled Asset Relief Program. It was created by the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act to address the biting financial crisis that was at its peak in September 2008. The trea... ... captured by the interests of Wall Street that usually do not serve the welfare of the American people. In fact he pointed out that no single presidential candidate had the willpower to streamline the operations of the financial systems. However, he states that since there are Members of Congress, who severed relations for the sake of the economy and its people, the same people can be the driving force towards meaningful reforms. The American people should never be subjected to such humiliation by a few large financial institutions that have the material resources to influence the decision makers in the economy. In fact, if political will as well as proper legislation and regulation existed, the American people would have reaped optimum returns from the bailout program. Equity stake at the collapsing huge banks would have given the taxpayer greater returns.

Branding and advertising Essay

In recent years there has been more of a shift towards more branding and advertising as opposed to focusing on product development, resulting in some companies having strong advertising campaigns coupled with a non-successful product. These observations lead to an important marketing theorem: Successful brands are built on successful products. The belief is that without great products, great brands could neither not exist nor withstand the competitive market. In a short paper, answer the following questions pertaining to the theorem. †¢Do you agree or disagree (partially or completely) with the theorem that successful brands are built on successful products? Why or why not? †¢Provide examples of brands and their products that a) prove the theorem and b) disprove the theorem. Explain your reasoning. †¢Why do so many companies appear fixated on branding rather than on ultimately developing successful products? In real terms, how would you as a marketing executive balance these two marketing forces? In recent years there has been more of a shift towards more branding and advertising as opposed to focusing on product development, resulting in some companies having strong advertising campaigns coupled with a non-successful product.

Jake – creative writing

I pushed off onto the ice; whoosh! I felt alive. I looked around at children laughing and falling, young lovers skating round and round, hand in hand. I turned to see Jake gliding toward me, a look of boyish glee on his face. I smiled and took his out-stretched, gloved hand in mine. We lapped the frozen lake together in synchrony, talking, laughing and generally showing off, when Jake decided to show me, and everyone else on the opaque ice, what he was made of. He sped off, jumping and twisting like half of Torville and Dean, receiving many admiring glances as he landed, sure-footed, back on the ice. â€Å"Bet you can't beat that!† he laughed across to me, his heavy breathe coming out cloudy in front of him. I couldn't ignore a challenge like that. I flew across the ice as though I had sprouted wings, oblivious to the cheers and shouts around me. I jumped, twisted, pirouetted and twirled elegantly, breathing in the sweet, pine-scented air. Torville was always the better half of the skating partnership. I skated back toward Jake, a triumphant smile flitting across my face. All at once the ice gave way beneath me; I didn't even have time to scream before a chasm opened up, swallowed me whole and the freezing water surrounded me. A memory flashed; this had happened before. I was only six then but the same fear I had then burned through my mind and numbed my body. I pushed upward, but my sodden clothes pulled me under; down, down. I tried to kick the heavy boots off my numb feet and pushed one last time. My outstretched fingers hit solid ice. I clawed and desperately clutched at the ice trying to find the hole. As my mouth filled with water I knew that this was the end, but I didn't care anymore because I was so cold. I just wanted to be warm. Suddenly a strong hand grabbed me from behind, wrenching me from the water and bringing me back to my senses. I looked up into Jake's hazel eyes; they were clouded with fear and worry. He planted a warm kiss on my cheek and wrapped his dry coat around me. â€Å"I love you,† he whispered in my ear. I was too cold to talk but my eyes radiated all the love I had for him. â€Å"An ambulance has been called, dear,† â€Å"it won't be long now,† a kindly old man murmured, smiling. â€Å"Thank you,† Jake replied, being my voice. I was completely numb to everything. I remember everyone coming forward and piling coats on top of me as Jake held me on the frozen ground. Jake whispered in my ear the whole time to try and keep me awake. Hazily, I tried to concentrate on the softness of his voice and the pain of my body eased. I don't know how long I lay there until the ambulance arrived and the young paramedics lifted me onto a stretcher and carried me into the ambulance. Jake was pushed aside when he explained he was my boyfriend. â€Å"I'm sorry,† the young man said, â€Å"but it's hospital policy; only family are allowed on board.† â€Å"Ok† Jake, said, pain in his voice. â€Å"I'll go and get her mum.† He nodded. â€Å"Be strong, beautiful† he called to me as he ran to get his car. I woke up a few hours later in a hospital bed, with my mother's face, shiny with tears and mascara stains, looming over me. â€Å"Hi sweetheart, its ok, I'm here now.† She said, her voice cracked and strained with worry. I tried to move my arms and legs before realising I was wrapped up in tinfoil. My mother, noticing my confused face, smiled and said â€Å"Its fine love, it just to keep you warm. The doctors want to keep you in over night to check that everything's ok, and then you and me can go home.† â€Å"Where's Jake, Mum?† † Didn't he come with you to the hospital?† Mum's body stiffened and she quickly turned her face away from mine. â€Å"What's the matter?† â€Å"Where is Jake?† I asked again, a hint of despair creeping into my voice. Just then the door inched open and Chloe's head popped round the door. † Lily?† â€Å"Lily, are you in there, I think they said room 2b.† â€Å"LILY!† Jessie squealed, as she pushed passed Chloe and embraced me in a hug as best she could, considering the way in which I was wrapped up. â€Å"Oh my god you look like a chicken drumstick!† joked Nia as she, Chloe and Jessie surrounded the bed. Mum quietly slipped out of the room and I smiled back at my friends soaking up the attention. Everyone that I cared about was around this bed. Except Jake. I felt a pang of sadness and rejection as it sank in that he had not yet come to visit. â€Å"You have missed so much!† Chloe stressed as she sat down on the comfy chair beside my bed. â€Å"Have I?† â€Å"I've only been here for half a day.† Chloe grimaced, â€Å"Yeah, well a lot happens in half a day you know!† she said. â€Å"Especially if someone's after your man!† added Jesse with a nod at Nia. â€Å"You know how Amy's been trying to steal Drey for ages, yeah?† â€Å"Well Nia caught Amy at a party, all over him like a rash!† she said raising her voice shrilly at the end of her sentence, causing the other two to glare and stare pointedly at the ‘please be quiet' sign. â€Å"Oops,† she giggled. â€Å"Sorry.† â€Å"What did you do Nia? I hope it wasn't anything stupid!† I said trying to sound mature. â€Å"Of course I wasn't stupid. She just needed teaching a lesson.† â€Å"She smacked her one!† Chloe whispered stifling a giggle. â€Å"And broke her nose.† â€Å"You broke Amy's nose?† I questioned disbelievingly as Nia turned the colour of an over-ripe tomato. â€Å"No! You didn't?† I looked at Nia and the smug, satisfied look on her face said it all. â€Å"I chucked Drey of course. He wasn't exactly beating her off with a barge pole.† â€Å"Men! Who needs 'em?† cried Jessie loudly, only to be kicked and elbowed into silence. Jesse looked surprised but then, as though remembering herself, she quietened and sank back into the other chair looking upset. What the hell was going on? â€Å"Err†¦ What's wrong, guys?† I asked suspiciously. â€Å"Nothing†¦nothing† they all assured me. I was too tired to persist and suddenly felt overwhelmed by their noise. As though sensing this Nia announced, â€Å"Well we best be off† and nodding to the group they stood up and busied themselves putting the chairs and bedclothes straight, unnecessarily. One by one they all said goodbye bending over me for hugs. As they did so, I noticed that Jessie had glistening, held back tears in her eyes and she turned her head away as they left together. I slept for the rest of the day slipping in and out of dreams as my mum vigilantly sat beside my bed. The next morning I was allowed to go home. â€Å"You feeling ok, love?† asked my mum as she leaned across the car for a hug but I shrugged her off. â€Å"I'm fine thanks, mum; let's just get home, eh?† As we reached the main road mum questioned my sullen behaviour. â€Å"Are you sure you all right, love? You've hardly said a word.† â€Å"I'm fine, it's just that Jake hasn't called or come to see me in hospital. Doesn't he care?† Mum's eyes welled up and silent tears started to run down her face. She slowed down as her vision was blurred. I am no longer a child but when a parent starts crying you begin to worry. â€Å"Mum?† She just shook her head and continued driving in silence, along the slippery winter roads. When we pulled up to the house I got out of the car, stumbling toward the house in my eagerness to ring Jake. As mum followed me in she asked, â€Å"What do you want to do now, love?† with a tight, hollow smile on her face. â€Å"I'm just going to ring Jake for a chat. Don't worry I won't be on too long.† â€Å"Lily† mum said, catching hold of my arm; â€Å"We need to talk.† â€Å"Why? What's wrong?† â€Å"Sit down, love.† Mum said placing herself beside me and taking my red, chapped hands in hers. â€Å"I'm sorry to tell you this but†¦ Jake has passed away†¦Ã¢â‚¬  she trailed off. â€Å"No!† I cried jumping up from the settee â€Å"NO!† â€Å"Calm down sweetheart!† Mum said pulling me back down beside her. I flopped down and searched her dark brown eyes trying to see some sense but as our eyes connected I knew it was true. Jake was gone. After what seemed a lifetime, I found my voice. â€Å"How?† I croaked as my throat began to close and bright spots invaded my vision as I broke down, but I had to know. † Car crash† came the strangled reply. â€Å"He was on his way to the hospital, and a lorry skidded on the roads†¦.they're so icy this time of year†¦.anyway, I'm sorry love, they hit Jake's car straight on.† â€Å"The doctors said he felt no pain.† My mum put her arms round me pulling me toward her as she did when I was a child. It had worked so well then, a mother's love could beat off all the evil in the world, but not now, not this time. I couldn't see how anything could be true anymore. I pulled away from her warm bond, chilled to the bone, and ran upstairs to my room, my sanctuary. I looked at the pictures on the wall, Jake. Jake. JAKE I wanted to scream but no words came out. I began tearing them all down, the pain inside me forcing itself into a ball, which welled up in my gut and rose to my throat but which I refused to set free. Staring at the defaced walls, something inside me snapped and I collapsed sobbing on my freshly-made bed and drifted into coma-like sleep. I awoke later wondering where I was and what had happened. Looking around and seeing the floor littered with torn pictures, the anguish and pain returned, tearing at my mind, body and soul. I rolled onto the floor and looked under the bed pulling out the pink and silver box Jake had given me for our first anniversary. I carefully withdrew the letters he had written to me and inhaled the deep, musky scent he always sprayed on the paper, as he knew I loved the aroma so much. I looked down to see his loopy handwriting on the very first letter he had sent to me and began to read words that I knew would never be spoken by him again. ‘My darling Lily, I love you with all my heart and I wish you were here, with me now. I wish I could be near you always, you are my heart and soul and I would give my life to you†¦' I crumpled the paper tightly in my fist and held it to my heart which was shattered in pieces inside my chest. Mum found me still clutching his letter hours later. â€Å"Come on, Lily.† â€Å"Jake's mum has just been on the phone. It's the funeral tomorrow, are you up to it?† Unable to find my tongue, I nodded. At the funeral I stood with Jake's mother, Cheryl. As a widow, Jake was her only son and now he was gone too. I was all she had left to cling to; ‘the daughter she never had'. Speeches were made about Jake by his best friend James and his uncle Peter, who had been like a father to Jake since his own had died when he was only a small boy. Sermons over, the black, shiny coffin was carried down the aisle by Jake's friends and relatives. I held Cheryl's hand tightly, holding on to let her know I was there for her. Cheryl had arranged the whole thing, right down to what he was wearing inside the silk-lined coffin-his last resting place. As â€Å"I'll be missing you† echoed around the full church, all my emotions flooded in and I began to weep for this was â€Å"our song†; Jake's and mine. My chest tightened as I gasped for breath, yet taking no air. It was just like drowning again, except this time there were no strong arms to pull me up. I was alone. Jake was gone. After the funeral, things didn't get better. Each day I sank deeper and deeper into depression, as I didn't see the point of going on without Jake by my side. Now he was no longer there to share my life I couldn't give a toss about anything; he used to be my backbone; my strength. Soon my friends tired of my depressive moods and each one wavered before eventually wilting away under the constant sorrow I was wallowing in. Mum tried of course but day by day our relationship became more strained as she tried to cheer me up and get me to take an interest in what was going on around me again. But the self-pity was all consuming and all efforts to encourage me to move forward were pushed away and rejected. After a couple of months, or maybe longer, something snapped. Black, black everything was black. But everything was clear to me, I would go and join Jake. The tablets that the doctor had left to help me to overcome my depression suddenly had a new purpose. They were my means of escape and one-way ticket to wherever Jake, my love, my life, was. It was so simply, quick and easy really. Why did I not think of it before? Why had I waited all this time and put all my friends through hell? Two packets of tablets later, nice, small pink ones each one bringing me closer to Jake I slipped into unconsciousness waiting to see the light I'd read about in magazines. But there was no light, only pain as the paramedics pumped the drugs out of my stomach. Mum crying again and angry at me for so selfishly wanting to waste my life in this way. Not that I cared then, but that was then and this is now. Waking up in the hospital once again, I felt the weight of depression that had pulled me down, like my clothes and boots under the ice, had lifted from me. I knew nothing would ever replace Jake and that my life would never truly be whole without him in it but somehow, some way after two close encounters with death I had seen a light and realised that life was a precious gift not to be wasted. It was different leaving the hospital with mum this time, knowing I was going home to start afresh. This time, instead of calling Jake, I went to say goodbye carefully putting all the things he had given to me in the box before sliding it under my bed.

Engels and Mearns Account of The Industrial culture in Britain †History Essay

Engels and Mearns Account of The Industrial culture in Britain – History Essay Free Online Research Papers Engel’s and Mearn’s Account of The Industrial culture in Britain History Essay In the year eighteen eighty-three amidst the turbulent late Victorian years termed as â€Å"The great depression† there rose a particular article of literature by the Reverend Andrew Mearns, entitled; â€Å"The Bitter Cry of Outcast London: An Inquiry into the Condition of the Abject Poor (October 1883). This pamphlet was published on behalf of the church in an attempt to highlight the plight of the neglected masses who were those living in England’s very worst urban slum districts. The article was absorbed by a middle class readership who would have on the whole never have known about or concerned themselves with the predicament of their socially inadequate neighbour. The culture was such in England at the time that Mearns had to shock the socially censored Victorian middle classes into wanting to extend the hand of Christian charity to those who lived in as he described it, â€Å"the great dark region of poverty, misery, and immorality†. The form and content of the report that was given had to be chosen correctly with a view to informing but also to arouse a kind of morbid curiosity in the reader. The literary strategies that Mearns employs within his writing are a key element in doing so. When reading Mearns article today as an independent piece of literature it is of vital importance to take into consideration what values and ideals would have been held up by the very people whom he was aiming his work to be read by. Late Victorian society (especially the middle class) prioritised the home as a place of cleanliness, high moral standards and as a basis to any â€Å"proper† family. However what Mearns is evoking in his article as a representation of home life to the working classes is about as far in opposition to the traditional ideal as you can get. This would have been shocking but at the same time strangely compelling to a contemporary audience. This is largely due to the type of language displayed in the article. He opens his enquiry with the statement; â€Å"There is no more hopeful sign in the Christian Church of today than the increased attention which is being given by it to the poor and outcast classes of society†. It is perhaps interesting to note that Mearns does not begin here with a condemnation or an attempt at apportioning blame for the situation of the poor instead he takes the strategy of highlighting one of the few hopeful aspects of this situation. This opening sentence sets the tone for the first few lines of the first paragraph it is a gentle description of previous work done Christian organisations, thus serving to put the Victorian readership at their ease after all no blame has been heaped at their door. Nevertheless the last lines of this introductory paragraph have a somewhat different agenda, the tone changes and the readers are reminded of the â€Å" vast mass of moral corruption, of heart-breaking misery and absolute godlessness† that awaits them should they read on. It is here that Mearns uses a strategy of creating a mixture between revulsion and curiosity in his readership so that they will read on and he will achieve his ultimate purpose of bringing the plight of the destitute to the privil eged and comfortable of society. Although religion was an important force within Victorian life it was at the same time a religion that people chose selectively from. If it meant dressing in your finest clothes attending church and preventing your child from playing imaginary games on the Sabbath day then on the whole it was a religion that people wanted to embrace in their lives. However what Reverend Andrew Mearns was keen to access was the type of Christian attitude that would make those with any kind of religious conviction open their eyes to what was concealed as the misery of the working classes â€Å"by the thinnest crust of civilisation and decency†. It is exactly this â€Å"Thin Crust† that Mearns attempts to destroy in his article. It has been documented that the privileged classes of society were so far removed from the problems of the industrial class that they were living virtually next to the slums in some areas such as London’s Belgravia and yet had no clue that these courts of death and disease existed anywhere near them. It is in this way that Mearns employs his literary strategies in order to lead his readership into the exploration and a greater realisation of the grimmest areas of London. Mearns does however set out â€Å"two cautions† when introducing his findings the first caution states that, â€Å" the information given does not refer to selected cases† indeed this can be seen as more of a compounding of Mearns case rather than a warning for the unsuspecting reader. Although in general the article does not have the tone of a sermon about it there are elements utilised which would indica te that Mearns is preaching this can be particularly noted when he emphasises â€Å"THIS TERRIBLE FLOOD OF SIN AND MISERY IS GAINING UPON US. It is rising every day.† Thus reminding the reader that they are about to embark upon a kind of crusade against the sins of poverty itself by joining the Reverend in his compassion for the poor. This would also aid the reader in a feeling of worthiness and a justification of reading this type of literature to begin with. It is an irony of the piece that in Mearns preliminary â€Å"caution† he is keen to point out that his article, â€Å" is a plain recital of plain facts†. The irony derives from the fact that it is simply not just a stating of the facts and indeed much of the report is taken up with a deeply emotive humanistic element. This human element would have been well received by a Victorian readership due to the fact that although it may have been hard to relate to statistics it was more plausible to think about the situation in terms of people and compare it to their own lives. Within his report Mearns states that the places that the industrial class resides should not be called â€Å" homes† because he does not see it fitting that, â€Å" those places be called homes†. Within this one simple statement Mearns is attempting to evoke a sense of unity to his readership. It is likely that whatever religious denomination or beliefs held it is probable that his Victorian reader would have a deeply ingrained sense of the home, a home that to them would offer protection and would be a cause of much pride. Not the type of non-home dwelling which Mearns describes as â€Å" pestilential human rookeries†. The furniture within these homes is dismissed as nothing more than, â€Å"rubbish and rags†. This is a deep contradiction to the mental picture conjured of a typical Victorian home. The image was very much more prevalent in late Victorian decades of â€Å"The all embracing Mother bustling over a nest of piety, warmth, cleanliness and comfo rt†1. For the section of the working class that Mearns documents this ideal was simply unobtainable. By forcing the readers to examine their own surroundings of comparative luxury Mearns is encouraging empathy through his literary strategy. It is not only the traditional Victorian home that the reader is forced to re-examine it is also the placing of the roles within that home which Mearns represents in a sometimes shockingly frank subversion of the norm. Even by today’s standards of less rigorous moral structure Mearns findings of â€Å"immorality† would be somewhat disturbing. Therefore by the strict moral code of the Victorian era the supposed â€Å"depravity† described would have been particularly dreadful. However once again Mearns has utilised his literary skills to ensnare rather than repel the reader. He does so by keeping his report on the precipice of decency he errs on the side of caution when referring to immorality and sin. Preferring to prepare for what is in store. He also deems some material too shocking to relate to the reader to ensure that â€Å"the eyes and ears† of the readers do not become â€Å"insufferably outraged†. This has a dual purpose, firstly it reminds t he reader that the author is a member of the clergy and is consequently interested in moral respectability and â€Å"common decency†, and secondly it deals once again with the curiosity aspect of the piece it keeps the reader interested as to know what is so awful that it cannot even be included in this most frank of accounts. The role of the Mother is a theme that appears to run throughout Mearns report. The Victorian Mother in her conventional setting is that of keeper of home and carer for her helpless young, she is represented in much literature of the period as a figure of loyalty to the â€Å"Traditional English husband†2. Though Mearns representation is somewhat different although for him it is not a matter of â€Å"Maternal ignorance†3, he does cite â€Å"The dismal reality of poor health, poor nutrition and inadequate family income†4 as reasoning behind the cases of terrible neglect that he documents. Some of the most graphic and deplorable situations stressed are to do with the Mother and child relationship. The horrible reality of the â€Å"poor widow, her three children and a child who had been dead thirteen days† and â€Å"her husband, who was a cabman who had shortly before committed suicide†. Mearns describes them as â€Å"miserable beings†, although it is particularly interesting to note that Mearns does not attempt to brutalise these people even if he does so to their surroundings. He instead chooses what he believes to be a poignant case of the woman who was â€Å"dying from dropsy, scarcely able to breathe and enduring untold agony, but to the very last striving to keep her little ones clean and tidy.† This draws to the attention of the readership that despite their appalling surroundings a base quality of human goodness and godliness prevails. One of the most emotive issues that Mearns tackles is that of the squalor, neglect and overwork that the children of the industrial class had to suffer. Mearns deals with this in terms of his literary strategy by using the means of direct quote. By taking the words straight out of the mouths of the children on to the paper Mearns is bringing to his report a certain raw quality that cannot be captured in any other way in print. The case of the twelve year old girl whom when asked the question â€Å"Who looks after you?† is only able to reply, â€Å"I look after my little brothers and sisters as well as I can† is one that will resound in the memory of a Christian as to its pure selflessness Research Papers on Engel’s and Mearn’s Account of The Industrial culture in Britain - History EssayEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenPETSTEL analysis of IndiaComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andQuebec and CanadaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductMind TravelBringing Democracy to AfricaAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

FLORIDA MEDICAID PROGRAM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FLORIDA MEDICAID PROGRAM - Essay Example However, they do not determine eligibility. There are many organizations like The Social Security Administration which determines eligibility for the disabled and The Florida Department of Children and Families (DCF) that determines eligibility for children, the elderly, families and people who need institutional care (Agency for Health Care Administration, 2009, p. 9). Because there are several agencies that are responsible for the eligibility requirements, it is difficult to state exactly all of the criteria. However, most of the agencies say that the criteria includes: Florida does many programs for children. One program is the S-CHIP program also referred to as Florida KidCare. According to the state mandates, states can have a program that includes a separate S-CHIP program, a Medicaid expansion program or a combination of both. Florida operates a combination program (National Academy for State Health Policy, n.d.). The program is provided for "targeted" low income children to provide healthcare. In Florida, families must meet the requirement of being 200% of the federal poverty level in order to get services. There are several benefits to having this program. The following services are covered: The goal of the S-CHIP program is to make sure that children who would otherwise not have health care will have it. Florida provides continuous eligibility for a full year and families are sent an application every 30 days; this makes sure that children are covered on a continuous basis and so they will note be dropped from the

Gender Stratificaiton in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gender Stratificaiton in the Workplace - Essay Example Gender Stratification is a global phenomenon, which touches almost all countries, though the level of it differs among the countries. All countries being from Asia, Europe, Africa, America and all parts of the world have either suffering from the subject, or find that once had came across it. In Canada, Sociological analysis conducted in the year 1973 and 1984 has shown that there was income inequality between sexes; the analysis further stated that â€Å"The income gaps between males and females are also large. The income gaps between Anglophones and Francophone tend to be much smaller than between class categories and gender groups in 1973, and more so in 1984. The greatest improvement in income disparities seems to come from less discriminatory pay structures and exploitation, not from human capital and individual characteristics†. (Class, Gender and Ethnic Income Inequalities in 1973 and 1984: Findings from the Canadian National Surveys) Canadian Women in recent years were living in poverty, due to low income they received in the working places as a result of Gender Stratification. The result was that, not only the women in that nature suffered from the tragic, it’s also included their families. While for that reason, the Canadian government and the United Nation put hand on deck to curtail poverty among women. The United Nation on its part stated that poverty will never come to end unless women are given opportunity to work and earn like their male counterpart. Another typical example that ought to be sighted as relating to the above subject describes how women were segregated in Canada, especially in the area of Ontario, where analysis made since 1999 shows that there was a disparity. There was a highest gap in earning between males and females, especially in the Pharmacy Industry. Investigation also testifies that women were earning less than their male counterpart in that sector because they are only remaining as employees. Meanwhile, since the primary focus of this essay is to make assessment on how gender stratification changed in Canadian working place in the last few decades, the remaining pages of set aside for this essay should focus on that aspect. The important point that ought to be discuss on this aspect initially, over the changing in Gender stratification in the past few decades, which include that some countries across the globe have changed to recognized the need for equality between males and females, which is in line with the International Convention that took place in the year 1979, which at the end of it, members that participated endorsed the compulsory application of social justice between men and women. During that convention, a bill was passed, which is tagged "international bill of rights for women", is the second most widely ratified human rights treaty in the world. Many countries have also enacted legislation and established organizational structures on a domestic level to promote gender equality". (Gender Equality in the Labor Market). The Canadian International Development Agency, (CIDA) has also played vital roles in recent years toward ensuring the Gender Equality in Canada, through its policy on gender equality. The body has vowed to